CommonIssues
Issue 1: Not enough soil
When there isn't enough soil, the tree will reach the carrying capacity of the available soil.
- Stunted growth
- Reduced foliage
- Trees take on the characteristics of old trees (rough bark, etc.)
- Death
Solutions:
- Special underground planting spaces
- Vaulted sidewalks;
- Sidewalk is suspended about 10 cm's above open soils
- smaller, modular versions of vaulted sidewalks
- i.e., Silva cells
- Vaulted sidewalks;
- Special "compactable" soils (structural soils, skeletal soils)
- Modern construction techniques compact soils pretty hard to prevent pavings from sinking or shifting
- Access tunnels to larger soil areas
- Tunnels to access nearby parks?
- Design solutions
- Maximize space with design, both above ground and below ground
- High quality soils provide more resources
Issue 2: Soil doesn't drain
Presence of "Gleying": Blueish-gray color that indicates low oxygen conditions in the soil (reduced iron). Also visible by water not draining from the soils or indicator plant species.
- Many trees intolerant of poor drainage.
Indicator plant species
Unlike in "natural" environments, such as forests, species are mostly managed under a city context. Indicator plant species are not used by whether or not they're present in an area, rather, they're used by the conditions in which they are present.
Yews are a good indicator for poor drainage
- Leaves turn brown in poor drainage situations
Solutions
- Remove cause of poor drainage if possible
- Install sub-surface drainage to an outlet
- Use plants tolerant of poor drainage